KahniyanStories worth reading twice

The Three Fish

Also known as Teen Machhliyan

Three fish lived in a pond that was a long way from the road, and for years nobody came near it.

Their names described them exactly. Anagatavidhata means the one who plans ahead. Pratyutpannamati means the one who thinks on the spot. Yadbhavishya means whatever will be, will be.

The fishermen

One evening two fishermen walked past the pond on their way home.

They stopped. They looked at the water for a while and one of them said there were more fish in there than in the river, and the other agreed, and they said they would come back at first light with nets.

Then they walked on.

All three fish had heard them.

Three answers

"We leave tonight," said Anagatavidhata. "There is a channel at the far end that runs to the river. It is shallow and it will be difficult and we can do it before dawn. I am going now."

"There is no need to panic," said Pratyutpannamati. "They may not come. And if they do, I will work something out. I always do."

"They will come or they will not," said Yadbhavishya. "If I am meant to be caught I will be caught. Swimming to a river will not change that. I am staying here."

Anagatavidhata left that night through the channel and reached the river before sunrise.

The morning

The fishermen came at first light with nets, exactly as they had said, and worked the pond from both ends.

Yadbhavishya was taken in the first sweep. He had not moved from where he was and had made no attempt to avoid anything, and there was nothing more to it than that.

Pratyutpannamati was taken in the third.

And then he did what he had said he would do. He went completely still in the net, floated on his side with his mouth open and his gills flat, and did a convincing impression of a fish that had been dead for some hours.

The fisherman who lifted him out looked at him, made a face, and threw him over the bank into the channel at the far end of the pond.

He lay still for another few seconds. Then he turned over and went down the channel to the river, where he found Anagatavidhata waiting.

Afterwards

"You cut that very fine," said Anagatavidhata.

"It worked."

"It worked this time," said Anagatavidhata. "You were in a net. A man had you in his hand. There was one thing you could try and if he had not believed it there was nothing else."

"But he did believe it."

"Yes," said Anagatavidhata. "I left last night and slept well. You have had the worst morning of your life and we are both in the same river."

Moral of the story

Quick thinking can save you and planning ahead means you never needed saving. Both fish lived, and only one of them was ever in a net.

Questions and answers

  1. What do the three fishes' names mean?

    One who plans ahead, one who thinks on the spot, and whatever will be will be.

  2. What did the fishermen say?

    That the pond held more fish than the river, and that they would return at first light with nets.

  3. What did each fish decide to do?

    The first left that night through a channel to the river. The second decided to improvise if the danger came. The third decided that fate would settle it either way.

  4. How did the second fish escape?

    He played dead in the net, and the fisherman threw him over the bank into the channel.

  5. What is the difference between the first two fish?

    Both survived, but the second had only one plan and no second chance, while the first was never in danger at all.

Word meanings

channel
A narrow stretch of water joining two larger ones.
gills
The parts a fish breathes with, on the sides of its head.
improvise
To make something up as you go along.
fate
The idea that events are decided in advance.

Questions about The Three Fish

What is the moral of The Three Fish?

That preparation beats improvisation, and that both beat doing nothing. The story is careful to let the quick thinker live, so the lesson is about margin rather than about being clever.

Why does the story let the second fish survive?

Because a story where only the planner lives is easy to dismiss. Letting the improviser scrape through, and then having the planner point out how narrow it was, makes the point harder to argue with.

Is the third fish being lazy or philosophical?

The Panchatantra treats it as fatalism rather than laziness, which is why the name is a whole phrase. He does not disbelieve the danger; he simply thinks acting is pointless.

Which book of the Panchatantra is this from?

The first book, Mitra Bheda, though the tale is retold across many collections including the Mahabharata.